AN EXAMINATION OF THE DUAL NATURE OF IGALA ETHICAL UNIVERSUM

Abstract

The conception of Ojo among the Igala is deeply intertwined with their cosmology, which includes a rich pantheon of lesser deities and ancestral spirits that mediate between Ojo and humanity. In terms of ethical understanding, the Igala people's idea of "good" is closely linked to communal harmony, justice, and respect for both divine and societal laws. Ethical conduct among the Igala is assessed based on adherence to traditional norms and the well-being of the community. Activities and behaviors that promote unity, peace, and collective prosperity are regarded as morally good, while those that cause discord or harm are considered evil. In this regard, this research explored why there are prevalent evil in the society despite the existence of God. Methodologically, this research employed qualitative tools including in-depth interviews with local religious leaders, elders, and practitioners, as well as analysis of oral traditions and indigenous texts. This approach provided a comprehensive view of the religious and ethical systems of the Igala people, offering insights into how these systems have evolved over time and how they continue to influence contemporary Igala society. The study concludes that the Igala’s concept of God and their moral philosophy are profoundly interwoven, reflecting a worldview where the sacred and the moral are inseparable. This integration serves as the foundation for their social order, governance, and interpersonal relationships. The findings contribute to broader discussions in African religious studies and ethics, offering a nuanced perspective on the dynamic interplay between belief, morality, and cultural identity. Overall, this work advances our understanding of Igala religious and ethical thought, illustrating the richness and complexity of indigenous African belief systems.